测量不确定性 测量不确定性
Neda Milinković1, Snežana Jovičić1
1University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Belgrade, Serbia.
Advances in clinical chemistry
|October 18, 2023
概括
实验室医学中的测量不确定性需要了解计量学概念. 持续评估所有实验室阶段,特别是非分析阶段,对于准确的结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 实验室医学 实验室医学
- 计量学 计量学 计量学
- 测量科学 测量科学 测量科学
背景情况:
- 测量不确定性的计量学概念越来越多地融入实验室科学.
- 了解计量术语,可追溯性和可换性对于正确实施至关重要.
- 实验室医学中的测量不确定性考虑了整个实验室过程,而不仅仅是分析阶段.
研究的目的:
- 强调对所有实验室阶段测量不确定性的持续评估的重要性.
- 强调非分析阶段在测量不确定性的关键作用.
- 讨论挑战和平衡测量不确定性数据的理解,评估和应用的需要.
主要方法:
- 持续监测实验室过程的所有阶段.
- 使用内部和外部质量控制数据来计算不确定性.
- 应用测量学概念的可追溯性和可换性.
主要成果:
- 测量不确定性从根本上与整个实验室过程有关,非分析阶段对结果产生重大影响.
- 内部和外部质量控制数据是量化测量不确定性的关键.
- 实验室专家们对测量不确定性的意识有所提高.
结论:
- 测量不确定性的有效实施需要采用整体方法,包括分析和非分析阶段.
- 持续的监测和评估是必要的,以管理和减少测量不确定性.
- 在理解,评估和应用测量不确定性数据方面取得平衡对于实际使用至关重要.
相关概念视频
Uncertainty in Measurement: Accuracy and Precision
73.8K
Scientists typically make repeated measurements of a quantity to ensure the quality of their findings and to evaluate both the precision and the accuracy of their results. Measurements are said to be precise if they yield very similar results when repeated in the same manner. A measurement is considered accurate if it yields a result that is very close to the true or the accepted value. Precise values agree with each other; accurate values agree with a true value.
73.8K
Uncertainty: Overview
570
In analytical chemistry, we often perform repetitive measurements to detect and minimize inaccuracies caused by both determinate and indeterminate errors. Despite the cares we take, the presence of random errors means that repeated measurements almost never have exactly the same magnitude. The collective difference between these measurements - observed values - and the estimated or expected value is called uncertainty. Uncertainty is conventionally written after the estimated or expected value.
570
Uncertainty in Measurement: Reading Instruments
38.3K
Counting is the type of measurement that is free from uncertainty, provided the number of objects being counted does not change during the process. Such measurements result in exact numbers. By counting the eggs in a carton, for instance, one can determine exactly how many eggs are there in the carton. Similarly, the numbers of defined quantities are also exact. For example, 1 foot is exactly 12 inches, 1 inch is exactly 2.54 centimeters, and 1 gram is exactly 0.001 kilograms. Quantities...
38.3K
Random and Systematic Errors
11.0K
Scientists always try their best to record measurements with the utmost accuracy and precision. However, sometimes errors do occur. These errors can be random or systematic. Random errors are observed due to the inconsistency or fluctuation in the measurement process, or variations in the quantity itself that is being measured. Such errors fluctuate from being greater than or less than the true value in repeated measurements. Consider a scientist measuring the length of an earthworm using a...
11.0K
Propagation of Uncertainty from Systematic Error
534
The atomic mass of an element varies due to the relative ratio of its isotopes. A sample's relative proportion of oxygen isotopes influences its average atomic mass. For instance, if we were to measure the atomic mass of oxygen from a sample, the mass would be a weighted average of the isotopic masses of oxygen in that sample. Since a single sample is not likely to perfectly reflect the true atomic mass of oxygen for all the molecules of oxygen on Earth, the mass we obtain from this...
534
Propagation of Uncertainty from Random Error
704
An experiment often consists of more than a single step. In this case, measurements at each step give rise to uncertainty. Because the measurements occur in successive steps, the uncertainty in one step necessarily contributes to that in the subsequent step. As we perform statistical analysis on these types of experiments, we must learn to account for the propagation of uncertainty from one step to the next. The propagation of uncertainty depends on the type of arithmetic operation performed on...
704


