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Health Information Technology and Healthcare Information System01:30

Health Information Technology and Healthcare Information System

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Health Information Technology (HIT)
Health Information Technology, commonly called HIT, integrates advanced information systems and technology in healthcare settings. Its primary functions include:
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At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
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Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System01:29

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The issues and trends in healthcare delivery are constantly changing. The COVID-19 pandemic is one recent issue that wreaked havoc on healthcare systems, causing a shortage of healthcare workers, high demand for medicines and supplies, and increased medical expenditure due to a lack of insurance. Other issues include rising healthcare costs and care fragmentation.
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An integrated healthcare system (IHS) is a set of organizations that provides for or arranges to provide coordinated and continuous service to a defined population. The IHS takes responsibility for that particular population's health status and outcome, both clinically and fiscally. An integrated healthcare system is a well-organized, well-coordinated, and collaborative network. The integrated delivery system is a network that connects different healthcare providers to deliver organized,...
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健康信息和决策辅助工具能减少医疗保健中的不平等吗? 一个系统的审查.

Christin Ellermann1, Jana Sophie Hinneburg1,2, Christoph Wilhelm1

  • 1Harding Center for Risk Literacy, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.

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基于证据的健康信息 (EBHI) 和患者决策辅助工具 (PtDA) 可以改善医疗保健决策. 然而,很少有研究检查不同的社会人口统计学群体是否同样受益,可能掩盖健康不平等.

关键词:
医疗服务的可访问性 医疗服务的可访问性公共卫生 公共卫生社会人口学因素 社会人口学因素系统审查是系统的审查.

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科学领域:

  • 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
  • 健康 公平 卫生 公平
  • 患者的决策制定 患者的决策

背景情况:

  • 基于证据的健康信息 (EBHI) 和患者决策辅助工具 (PtDA) 对于明智的医疗保健选择至关重要.
  • 社会人口统计学因素可以影响获得和从健康信息中获益,可能造成不平等.
  • 之前的评估并没有一致评估这些不平等现象.

研究的目的:

  • 系统地审查评估EBHI和PtDAs的研究.
  • 为了确定在这些研究中考虑的不平等生产因素的程度.
  • 评估不同社会人口群体在知情决策方面是否同样受益于EBHI和PtDA.

主要方法:

  • 随机对照试验 (RCT) 的系统审查.
  • 在多个数据库 (科克兰图书馆,MEDLINE,EMBASE等) 进行的搜索. 从开始到2023年5月.
  • 包括EBHI和PtDA的RCT,这些RCT考虑了与机会不平等相关的因素 (PROGRESS-Plus标准).

主要成果:

  • 只有少数研究研究了EBHI/PtDAs对与关于不平等产生因素的知情决策相关的结果的影响.
  • 在12项纳入的研究中,有2项显示出干预有效性与不利地位之间的积极关联,3项显示出负面关联.
  • 大多数研究都没有发现跨社会人口群体的知识获取,决策冲突或共享决策的显著差异,这可能是由于不足的子组分析.

结论:

  • 在促进医疗保健决策方面,EBHI和PtDA是有效的.
  • 需要更多地关注评估中的方法要求,以捕捉获得健康信息的潜在差异.
  • 确保公平的医疗保健改进需要充分了解不同人群如何从EBHI和PtDAs中受益.