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相关概念视频

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs02:57

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs

7.0K
PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
7.0K
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

26.4K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
26.4K
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

6.2K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
6.2K
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

17.0K
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
17.0K
Conservation of Protein Domains Over Different Proteins02:26

Conservation of Protein Domains Over Different Proteins

11.3K
Protein domains are small structurally independent units that are part of a single amino acid chain.  Although these domains are often structurally independent, they may rely on synergistic effects to perform their functions as part of a larger protein. Protein domains may be conserved within the same organism, as well as across different organisms.
A limited set of protein domains often duplicate and recombine during evolution. These domains can be organized in different combinations to...
11.3K
Small interfering RNAs (siRNA)02:30

Small interfering RNAs (siRNA)

3.6K
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相关实验视频

Updated: Sep 8, 2025

In Situ Detection of Ribonucleoprotein Complex Assembly in the C. elegans Germline using Proximity Ligation Assay
08:56

In Situ Detection of Ribonucleoprotein Complex Assembly in the C. elegans Germline using Proximity Ligation Assay

Published on: May 5, 2020

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一个保存的PIWI静音复合体检测了piRNA目标的接触

Dipayan De1, Sucharita Sarkar1, Luca F R Gebert1

  • 1Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA.

Molecular cell
|September 5, 2025
PubMed
概括

PIWI蛋白质使用piRNA来防御自私的遗传元素. 这项研究揭示了一种与PIWI相关的复合物,该复合物识别和分裂转子RNA,为动物提供关键的防御机制.

科学领域:

  • 分子生物学
  • 遗传学
  • 结构生物学

背景情况:

  • PIWI蛋白和PIWI相互作用RNA (piRNAs) 是动物生殖细胞中自私基因元素沉默的重要组成部分.
  • 通过piRNA引导的转体子识别激活PIWI蛋白质进行防御的确切机制尚不完全理解.

研究的目的:

  • 阐明PIWI蛋白质对转子体的识别和沉默的分子机制.
  • 确定参与piRNA介导的对转子体的防御的蛋白质复合体.

主要方法:

  • 生物化学测定以描述蛋白质与蛋白质相互作用和酶活性.
  • 电子显微镜 (cryo-EM) 来确定复合物的结构基础.
  • 结构预测以评估进化保护.

主要成果:

  • 在丝虫中发现一种新型的转子子识别复合体,包括Siwi,GTSF1和Maelstrom.
  • 证明扩展的piRNA-目标配对诱导Siwi的特定构造,使GTSF1和Maelstrom的招募成为可能.
  • 结构分析显示,Maelstrom和GTSF1协同激活Siwi的内核酶活动,从而导致目标RNA分裂和Sindle-E的招募.

结论:

关键词:
其他国家马尔斯特罗姆皮维西维皮尔纳压声器可转换的元素转位子

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Last Updated: Sep 8, 2025

In Situ Detection of Ribonucleoprotein Complex Assembly in the C. elegans Germline using Proximity Ligation Assay
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  • 这项研究将一种保存的PIWI相关复合体 (PIWI*) 定义为piRNA介导的转子体防御中的关键效应因子.
  • 这种PIWI*组装和激活的机制在从海绵到人类的元动物中保持着.
  • 这些发现为了解动物如何保护其基因组免受移动遗传因素的影响提供了结构和机制框架.