刺激标签支持听力损失和没有听力损失的儿童的声明性但不是程序性记忆.
Brynn N Golden1, Jeffrey J Shymanski2, Elizabeth A Walker3
1Center for Hearing Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE.
Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR
|November 14, 2025
概括
带有耳植入器 (CI) 的儿童表现出与通常听力同龄人相似的顺序学习和记忆回忆能力. 之前的程序学习辅助工具声明式回忆,特别是非可言语化信息,表明儿童CI用户有效使用策略.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 听力损失的儿童经常在顺序学习 (程序记忆) 和口头序列回忆 (声明记忆) 中表现出挑战.
- 儿童耳植入物 (CI) 使用者,特别是年轻时植入的儿童,是研究记忆发展和听觉康复的关键人群.
研究的目的:
- 研究小儿耳植入物 (CI) 用户的序列学习和序列回忆.
- 检查排练对程序记忆和声明记忆的影响.
- 为了确定排练是否影响程序学习序列的概括到声明式序列回忆.
主要方法:
- 60名儿童 (7-15岁;21名CI使用者,39名典型听力) 完成了串行反应时间 (SRT) 任务,使用可言语 ('颜色') 和空间 ('怪物') 刺激.
- 在SRT任务之后,参与者进行了序列回忆,其中一半的试验包含了程序学习序列.
主要成果:
- 听力状态没有预测顺序学习或连续回忆中的表现,与之前的研究形成鲜明对比.
- 所有儿童都受益于易于访问的标签在声明式序列回忆中.
- 之前的程序学习增强了声明性回忆,但只有当刺激缺乏易于访问的标签时.
结论:
- 儿科CI使用者有效地采用排练和先前序列学习等策略来进行序列回忆.
- 该研究强调了序列回忆中的不对称性:语言能力预测易于标记的物品的回忆,而非语言智商预测难以标记的物品的回忆.
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