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相关概念视频

Language Development01:22

Language Development

831
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
831
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

704
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
704
Storage01:23

Storage

354
A schema is a mental framework that helps individuals organize and interpret information. Schemata, formed from previous experiences, influence how we process new information: how we encode it, the inferences we make, and how we retrieve it. For instance, a schema for what a typical classroom looks like might include desks, a teacher's desk, a whiteboard, and students in such an environment. This expectation helps us quickly understand and navigate new classrooms without needing to analyze...
354
Encoding01:19

Encoding

737
Information enters the brain through encoding, which is the input of information into the memory system. Once sensory information is received from the environment, the brain labels or codes it. The information is then organized with similar information and connected to existing concepts. Encoding occurs through automatic processing and effortful processing.
Automatic processing involves the encoding of details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words, usually done without conscious...
737
Components of Language01:24

Components of Language

746
Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
746
Schemata01:17

Schemata

343
A schema is a mental construct that organizes related concepts, allowing the brain to process information efficiently. Upon activation, schemata facilitate assumptions about people or objects.
Two types of schemata are:
343

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 13, 2026

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition
05:15

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

Published on: February 19, 2018

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语义表达在整个生命周期中都会更新,反映出语言的变化.

Ellis Cain1, Rachel Ryskin1

  • 1Department of Cognitive and Information Sciences, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, USA.

Open mind : discoveries in cognitive science
|January 7, 2026
PubMed
概括

个人在一生中不断更新单词的含义,无论年龄如何. 语义空间反映了当前的语言使用,而不是历史意义,这表明了快速的词汇-语义表示更新.

科学领域:

  • 认知心理学 认知心理学
  • 计算语言学 计算语言学
  • 心理语言学 心理语言学

背景情况:

  • 人类的语义记忆是由语言上下文所塑造的.
  • 语言的使用和词的含义随着时间的推移而演变.
  • 个别的语义空间可能保留历史语言的痕迹或动态更新.

研究的目的:

  • 调查单个语义空间是否与历史语言变化或当前使用情况保持一致.
  • 为了确定年龄是否影响保留历史词语含义.
  • 检查整个生命周期内语义空间更新的速度和性质.

主要方法:

  • 利用双动词嵌入 (HistWords) 来建模语言的意义变化.
  • 将不同年龄群体的语义空间与历史和当代人体进行比较.
  • 收集了年轻和年长的成年人对变化意义的单词的词语相关性判断.

主要成果:

  • 无论是年轻人还是老年人的语义空间都与最近的语言群体有很强的相关性.
  • 很少有证据表明,老年人比年轻人更能保留历史意义空间.
  • 个别的语义表征迅速更新,在很大程度上用新意义取代旧意义.
关键词:
衰老的衰老 衰老的衰老语言的变化 语言的变化学习学习学习学习学习学习词汇语义上的词汇语义.

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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS of Wernicke's and Broca's Areas in Studies of Language Learning and Word Acquisition
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Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques
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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jan 13, 2026

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition
05:15

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

Published on: February 19, 2018

11.3K
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS of Wernicke's and Broca's Areas in Studies of Language Learning and Word Acquisition
12:49

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS of Wernicke's and Broca's Areas in Studies of Language Learning and Word Acquisition

Published on: July 13, 2019

17.9K
Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques
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Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques

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结论:

  • 词汇-语义表征在整个生命中都会不断更新,不论年龄如何.
  • 最近的语言经验主要塑造了当前的词语含义.
  • 早期学到的单词含义在很大程度上被当代语言使用模式所取代.