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相关概念视频

Radiation: Applications01:17

Radiation: Applications

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The average temperature of Earth is the subject of much current discussion. Earth is in radiative contact with both the Sun and dark space; it receives almost all its energy from the radiation of the Sun and reflects some of it into outer space. Dark space is very cold, about 3 K, so Earth radiates energy into it. For instance, heat transfer occurs from soil and grasses, the rate of which can be so rapid that frost can occur on clear summer evenings, even in warm latitudes.
The average...
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Conduction, Convection and Radiation: Problem Solving01:20

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There are three methods by which heat transfer can take place: conduction, convection, and radiation. Each method has unique and interesting characteristics, but all three have two things in common: they transfer heat solely because of a temperature difference; and the greater the temperature difference, the faster the heat transfer.
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The rate of heat transfer by emitted radiation is described by the Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation:
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Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
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Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II01:20

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In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...
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Radiation Pressure: Problem Solving01:09

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The radiation pressure applied by an electromagnetic wave on a perfectly absorbing surface equals the energy density of the wave. The wave's momentum also gets transferred to the surface when an electromagnetic wave is entirely absorbed by it. The rate at which momentum is transmitted to an absorbing surface perpendicular to the propagation direction equals the force on the surface.
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Construction of a Compact Low-Cost Radiation Shield for Air-Temperature Sensors in Ecological Field Studies
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智能和灵活的光学太阳反射器用于太空中的被动辐射冷却调节,使用W:VO2元表面.

Mirko Simeoni1, Kai Sun2, Alessandro Urbani1

  • 1Consorzio C.R.E.O. L'Aquila Italy.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)
|March 9, 2026
PubMed
概括

本研究介绍了一种灵活,智能光学太阳反射器 (meta-OSR),使用W:VO2超表面进行航天器热管理. 超OSR提供了适应性发射,并通过了太空资格测试,对超轻卫星来说是有前途的.

关键词:
metasurface 地表的表面是什么光学太阳能反射器的光学反射器辐射冷却是一种辐射冷却.热涂层是一种热涂层.二氧化瓦纳二氧化是什么

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 航空航天工程 航空航天工程
  • 纳米技术纳米技术

背景情况:

  • 对于航天器来说,被动热管理至关重要.
  • 需要具有自适应发射的智能光学太阳能反射器 (OSR) 来实现高效的热控制.
  • 现有的OSR在性能和集成方面面临挑战.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一个灵活的,智能的基于地表的OSR (meta-OSR) 灵活的,用于被动的航天器热管理.
  • 为了证明一个元OSR与温度适应的辐射发射在室温周围.
  • 评估制造后的元OSR的性能和空间准备.

主要方法:

  • 基于W:VO2的超表面的制造,与低发射率太阳反射器集成.
  • 使用纳米印记光刻法和低温W:VO2工艺.
  • 在太空资格条件下测试元OSR的光学特性,过渡温度和性能.

主要成果:

  • 智能元OSR具有0.22的太阳吸收率和0.8.8的高温发射率.
  • 达到0.33的红外辐射对比度和30°C的过渡温度 (T_MIT).
  • 在聚胺上证明了大面积 (10x10厘米) 的制造,通过了严格的空间合格测试,降解程度微不足道.

结论:

  • 开发的智能元OSR可显著减轻重量,并轻松集成到航天器中.
  • 该设备已准备好生产,在太空环境条件下表现出强大的性能.
  • 这项技术代表了超轻型航天器和小型卫星的下一代热控制解决方案.