Classification of herpes simplex virus keratitis and anterior uveitis

To review the classification of herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis and anterior uveitis using the available clinical, pathologic, and laboratory models of disease.

The literature was reviewed to establish prior classifications of herpes simplex keratitis and uveitis. The author introduces a classification attempting to encompass all patients with this disease process, taking into account the newer proposed mechanisms of disease.

A classification of HSV keratitis and uveitis is introduced based on the literature and the experience of the author in treating patients with this condition.

There are multiple mechanisms of disease after ocular HSV infection, including damage from live virus, from immune and inflammatory mechanisms, and from structural damage in the aftermath of HSV infection (metaherpetic disease). Clinical, pathologic, and etiologic descriptions of these disease manifestations are offered. This may allow better communication between clinicians and authors of research protocols by defining the different aspects of this complex disease process.