Varicella-zoster virus eye disease

To review the epidemiology, biology, systemic and ocular features, and treatment options for varicella zoster disease, including postherpetic neuralgia.

Literature search and review of author's experience with patients with varicella and herpes zoster ophthalmicus.

In recent years there has been an increase in the knowledge about the biology, latency, and epidemiology of the varicella-zoster virus. The clinical features are correlated with the pathologic changes. The pathophysiologic mechanisms and treatment of postherpetic neuralgia are reviewed. Treatment options with antiviral therapy and corticosteroids are offered. Initial experience with the varicella vaccine is encouraging.

The laboratory and clinical studies have enhanced our knowledge of the varicella-zoster virus and increased our ability to treat this infection and the aftermath. We are still far short of providing adequate therapy for patients who experience the severe forms of the disease.