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Autonomic nervous system disorders in stroke.

J T Korpelainen1, K A Sotaniemi, V V Myllylä

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Oulu, Finland.

Clinical Autonomic Research : Official Journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society
|January 19, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Autonomic nervous system disorders are common after cerebrovascular diseases, affecting heart rate, blood pressure, and sweating. Early recognition and quantitative analysis are crucial for managing these disabling and prognostically unfavorable conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cardiology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Autonomic nervous system (ANS) disturbances are prevalent in cerebrovascular disease patients.
  • Damage to central autonomic networks (e.g., frontoparietal cortex, brain stem) or descending pathways causes these issues.
  • Common manifestations include cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction and sudomotor/vasomotor abnormalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the prevalence and clinical significance of autonomic dysfunction post-stroke.
  • To emphasize the importance of recognizing autonomic disorders for patient prognosis and treatment.
  • To underscore the role of quantitative analysis in diagnosing and managing these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on autonomic nervous system function in cerebrovascular diseases.

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  • Analysis of clinical manifestations including heart rate, blood pressure, sweating, bladder, and bowel dysfunction.
  • Emphasis on quantitative analysis methods for reliable recognition of autonomic dysfunction.

    • Main Results:

    • Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction, linked to sympathetic hyperactivity, is prominent in the acute stroke phase.
    • Other disorders like abnormal sweating can be long-standing or irreversible.
    • Both sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system abnormalities contribute to autonomic imbalance.

    Conclusions:

    • Autonomic dysfunction is a significant, often overlooked, complication of cerebrovascular diseases.
    • These disturbances are subjectively disabling, uncomfortable, and prognostically unfavorable.
    • Quantitative assessment is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of stroke-related autonomic disorders.