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Gastrointestinal mucosal integrity after prolonged exercise with fluid supplementation.

H P Peters1, W C Wiersma, L M Akkermans

  • 1Department of Medical Physiology and Sports Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands. h.p.f.peters@med.uu.nl

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|January 27, 2000
PubMed
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Prolonged exercise in triathletes did not cause clinically significant gastrointestinal blood loss. However, markers like lysozyme and alpha1-antitrypsin suggest transient mucosal damage and inflammation may occur during intense physical activity.

Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Gastroenterology
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal integrity research during exercise has relied on nonspecific tests.
  • Understanding exercise-induced GI changes is crucial for athlete health and performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of prolonged exercise and carbohydrate (CHO) supplementation on GI mucosal integrity in male triathletes.
  • To assess GI blood loss using specific human blood tests and inflammatory markers.

Main Methods:

  • 22 male triathletes underwent two 150-min exercise sessions (running/cycling) with either a 7.0% CHO drink or water.
  • Fecal samples were analyzed for lysozyme, alpha1-antitrypsin, and human albumin/hemoglobin (Colon-Albumin, Monohaem tests).
  • Gastrointestinal symptoms were recorded via questionnaire.

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Main Results:

  • No significant gastrointestinal blood loss (hemoglobin) was detected.
  • Elevated fecal lysozyme and alpha1-antitrypsin were observed in some athletes, particularly with CHO supplementation.
  • 95% of participants reported GI symptoms, more frequent during running, but not linked to mucosal integrity markers.

Conclusions:

  • Exercise-induced GI blood loss appears to be of minimal clinical significance in well-trained athletes under these conditions.
  • Increased lysozyme and alpha1-antitrypsin suggest transient mucosal damage and local inflammation during prolonged exercise.