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Relapse prevention. An overview of Marlatt's cognitive-behavioral model
M E Larimer1, R S Palmer, G A Marlatt
1Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
Summary
Relapse prevention (RP) is key in alcoholism treatment. This model identifies triggers and offers strategies like coping skills and lifestyle changes to help prevent relapse.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Addiction Medicine
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Relapse prevention (RP) is a critical component of effective alcoholism treatment.
- Understanding the determinants of relapse is essential for developing targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the Marlatt and Gordon Relapse Prevention (RP) model.
- To detail the immediate and covert determinants of relapse in alcoholism.
- To describe the specific and global intervention strategies within the RP model.
Main Methods:
- The study reviews the theoretical framework of the Marlatt and Gordon RP model.
- It categorizes relapse determinants into immediate and covert antecedents.
- It details various intervention strategies, both specific and global, for therapists and clients.
Main Results:
- The RP model identifies immediate determinants such as high-risk situations, coping skills, outcome expectancies, and the abstinence violation effect.
- Covert antecedents like lifestyle factors, urges, and cravings are also implicated in relapse.
- The model offers a comprehensive set of interventions to address these determinants.
Conclusions:
- The Marlatt and Gordon RP model provides a robust framework for understanding and intervening in alcoholism relapse.
- Specific interventions focus on high-risk situations, coping skills, self-efficacy, and lapse management.
- Global strategies involve lifestyle balancing, positive addictions, stimulus control, and urge management, with empirical support for the model's efficacy.