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[Prevalence of asthma in Chilean students. Descriptive study of 24,470 children. ISAAC-Chile]
J Mallol1, E Cortez, L Amarales
1Hospital CRS El Pino, Departamento de Medicina Respiratoria Infantil, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile. jmallol@lauca.usach.cl
Background:
There is little information about the prevalence of asthma in Latin American children.
Aim:
To determine the prevalence of asthma among Chilean school age children.
Subjects And Methods:
The prevalence of respiratory symptoms related to asthma in schoolchildren aged 7 and 13 years, coming from South Santiago, Central Santiago, Valdivia and Punta Arenas, was determined using the methodology of the International Study on Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISMC). A random sample of school children aged 6-7 and 13-14 years from each locality was selected. This resulted in 24)470 surveyed children (11,723 aged 6-7 years and 12,747 aged 13-14 years).
Results:
The current prevalence of wheezing ("wheezing in the last 12 months") ranged from 16.5% to 20.0% in children aged 67 years, and from 6.8% to 11.7% in children aged 13-14 years. The cumulative prevalence of asthma ("asthma ever"), ranged from 9.7% and 16.5% in the 6-7 years group and from 7.3% to 12.4% in those aged 13-14 years.
Conclusions:
This study found much higher figures for prevalence of respiratory symptoms related to asthma in school children than those previously reported in this country, with a significant variability between centers (p < 0.05). The prevalence of asthma in Chilean schoolchildren is as high and variable as that reported in industrialized countries.