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[Fetal alcohol syndrome].

B Jouitteau1, C Massias, P Sanyas

  • 1Centre d'échographie Cap-Ouest, La Rochelle.

Journal De Radiologie
|February 15, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a common birth defect. Early ultrasound diagnosis of FAS is possible by identifying growth retardation and characteristic facial features.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Pediatrics
  • Medical Genetics

Background:

  • Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a significant concern, with reported incidence rates reaching 1% in some studies.
  • The condition is linked to maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the key diagnostic features of fetal alcohol syndrome.
  • To present seven observed cases and discuss growth patterns and facial dysmorphism.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis relies on ultrasound findings including intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and specific facial features.
  • Characteristic facial signs include frontal rounding of the philtrum and suppression of Cupid's bow.
  • Associated malformations of the corpus callosum, eyes, and kidneys are noted.

Main Results:

  • Intrauterine growth retardation, particularly of the limbs, is an early indicator.
  • Specific facial dysmorphism is a hallmark of FAS.
  • Higher incidence observed in women over thirty with multiple parity and low gestational weight gain.

Conclusions:

  • Fetal alcohol syndrome is identifiable through specific ultrasound markers.
  • Early detection and understanding of associated features are crucial for management and prevention.

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