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Sildenafil: clinical toxicology profile
1Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Department of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. krenzee@chplink.chp.edu
Journal of Toxicology. Clinical Toxicology
|February 24, 2001
Summary
Unintentional pediatric sildenafil (Viagra) exposure rarely causes adverse effects. Adults may experience side effects, particularly when using larger doses or contraindicated medications.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Toxicology
- Urology
Background:
- Sildenafil treats male erectile dysfunction by inhibiting phosphodiesterase type 5, enhancing penile tumescence.
- It causes mild blood pressure decreases and potential side effects from inhibiting other phosphodiesterases.
- Interactions with nitrates, nitrites, CYP3A4 inhibitors, and protease inhibitors can increase risks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the safety and adverse effects of sildenafil exposure in pediatric and adult populations.
- To analyze data from the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System.
Main Methods:
- Review of previously unpublished data from a national poison control center surveillance system.
- Analysis of reported pediatric and adult exposures to sildenafil.
Main Results:
- Unintentional pediatric exposures to sildenafil were unlikely to be associated with adverse effects.
- Adults may experience effects similar to preclinical trials, potentially due to higher doses or comorbidities.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric sildenafil exposures appear to have a low risk of adverse events.
- Adult adverse effects may be linked to dosage, pre-existing conditions, or drug interactions.