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New initiation system for resin polymerization using metal particles and 4-META
Y Miyagawa1, S Urapepon, H Ogura
1Advanced Research Center, School of Dentistry at Niigata, Nippon Dental University, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, Niigata 951-8580, Japan.
Dental Materials Journal
|February 24, 2001
Summary
Certain metal particles, like copper and zinc, can initiate polymerization in UDMA-based monomers with BPO and 4-META. This study explores metal-induced polymerization for dental materials.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Polymer Chemistry
- Dental Materials Science
Background:
- Dental restorative materials often rely on polymerization initiators for setting.
- Amine-free initiator systems are desirable to reduce potential toxicity.
- Metal particles are explored as potential initiators in dental monomer formulations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the ability of various metal particles to induce the setting of UDMA-based monomers containing benzoyl peroxide (BPO) without amine accelerators.
- To determine the influence of 4-methacryloyloxyethyl trimellitic anhydride (4-META) and BPO concentrations on the setting time.
- To analyze the mechanism of setting using Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.
Main Methods:
- Testing fifteen types of metal particles for their ability to initiate polymerization in a UDMA-based monomer system.
- Utilizing FT-IR spectroscopy to confirm polymerization and assess the setting process.
- Varying concentrations of 4-META and BPO to study their effects on setting time with effective metal initiators.
Main Results:
- Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Molybdenum (Mo), Tin (Sn), Cobalt (Co), and Indium (In) particles initiated polymerization when moistened with water, in combination with BPO and 4-META.
- Three types of silver alloy particles initiated polymerization, but pure silver particles did not.
- Increased 4-META concentration significantly reduced setting time for Cu particles, while higher BPO concentrations also shortened the setting time.
Conclusions:
- Specific metal particles, particularly copper, can effectively initiate the polymerization of UDMA-based monomers in an amine-free system containing BPO and 4-META.
- The presence of 4-META is crucial for rapid setting, and BPO concentration also plays a significant role.
- Metal-particle-initiated polymerization offers a potential pathway for developing new dental restorative materials with reduced reliance on amine accelerators.