[Traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the peroneal artery]

Traumatic arterial pseudo-aneurysm is a rare phenomenon. We describe a case of pseudoaneurysm of the peroneal artery as a late complication to an open crural fracture. Persistent or occurrence of swelling, pain, paraesthesias or sensory deficit at the fracture site should be considered symptoms of a developing arterial pseudo-aneurysm. The presence of a distal pulse and negative results of ultrasound examination in the Doppler modality does not rule out arterial pseudo-aneurysm, therefore arteriography is often indicated. Treatment of traumatic arterial pseudo-aneurysms is surgical, as they often tend to progress.