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Hidden-variable theorems for real experiments.

C Simon1, C Brukner, A Zeilinger

  • 1Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Wien, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Wien, Austria.

Physical Review Letters
|June 1, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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The Kochen-Specker theorem is relevant to real-world experiments, even with finite precision. This study shows how to experimentally disprove noncontextual hidden variables using operational definitions of observables.

Area of Science:

  • Quantum mechanics
  • Quantum information theory
  • Foundations of physics

Background:

  • The Kochen-Specker theorem is a fundamental principle in quantum mechanics.
  • Its applicability to real-world experiments with finite precision has been debated.
  • Noncontextual hidden variable theories propose that quantum outcomes are predetermined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the experimental relevance of the Kochen-Specker theorem.
  • To show that noncontextual hidden variables can be experimentally disproved.
  • To derive hidden-variable theorems applicable to realistic experimental conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of hidden-variable theorems tailored for finite-precision experiments.
  • Utilizing operationally defined observables, independent of the specific measurement apparatus.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Developing theoretical predictions for experimental verification.

    • Main Results:

    • Affirmative answer to the relevance of the Kochen-Specker theorem in real experiments.
    • Demonstration that noncontextual hidden variables can be experimentally falsified.
    • The derivation of theorems does not require knowledge of the exact observables being measured.

    Conclusions:

    • The Kochen-Specker theorem's implications extend to practical, finite-precision quantum experiments.
    • Experimental disproof of noncontextual hidden variables is achievable.
    • Operational definitions of observables are sufficient for deriving crucial theoretical predictions.