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Adaptor-related proteins.

M S Robinson1, J S Bonifacino

  • 1University of Cambridge, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Wellcome Trust Centre for the Study of Molecular Mechanisms in Disease, CB2 2XY, Cambridge, UK. msr12@mole.bio.cam.ac.uk

Current Opinion in Cell Biology
|July 17, 2001
PubMed
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New adaptor proteins, AP-3 and AP-4, along with GGAs and stoned B proteins, are key to protein sorting. These molecules direct cargo proteins to specific post-Golgi compartments like the TGN and endosomes.

Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Protein trafficking

Background:

  • Protein sorting is crucial for cellular function, directing proteins to correct membrane compartments.
  • The trans-Golgi network (TGN) and endosomes are key sorting hubs.
  • Conventional adaptor protein complexes (AP-1, AP-2) are known players in protein sorting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize novel adaptor-related protein complexes involved in protein sorting.
  • To elucidate the roles of AP-3, AP-4, GGAs, and stoned B proteins in intracellular trafficking.

Main Methods:

  • Identification of novel protein complexes.
  • Analysis of protein localization and function at the TGN and endosomes.
  • Investigating cargo protein sorting pathways.

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Main Results:

  • Discovery of two new adaptor protein complexes: AP-3 and AP-4.
  • Identification of two monomeric protein families with adaptor-related domains: GGAs and stoned B.
  • Implication of AP-3 and AP-4 in TGN/endosomal protein sorting.
  • GGAs implicated in TGN sorting, stoned B in plasma membrane sorting.

Conclusions:

  • AP-3, AP-4, GGAs, and stoned B are novel components of the protein sorting machinery.
  • These adaptor proteins likely cooperate with conventional AP complexes (AP-1, AP-2).
  • They play distinct roles in directing cargo proteins to specific post-Golgi membrane compartments.