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Updated: Aug 12, 2026
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Vaccinia Virus Infection & Temporal Analysis of Virus Gene Expression: Part 1
Published on: April 8, 2009
Recent events and observations pertaining to smallpox virus destruction in 2002
1The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA. dahzero@aol.com
Summary
The destruction of variola virus stocks by December 31, 2002, remains a critical goal. Adhering to this deadline, with global cooperation and penalties for non-compliance, minimizes smallpox virus release risks.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Public Health
- Global Health Security
Background:
- The 52nd World Health Assembly authorized temporary retention of variola virus stocks in 1999.
- This retention aimed to support the development of improved smallpox vaccines and antiviral treatments.
- A 2002 deadline for variola virus stock destruction was established.
Purpose of the Study:
- To emphasize the compelling need to adhere to the 2002 deadline for variola virus stock destruction.
- To advocate for global cooperation in eradicating the smallpox virus.
- To propose consequences for non-compliance to ensure global health security.
Main Methods:
- Review of the 1999 World Health Assembly resolution and subsequent research developments.
- Assessment of the risks associated with continued variola virus stock retention.
- Proposal of a global mandate for destruction and a framework for accountability.
Main Results:
- The development of a more attenuated, less reactogenic smallpox vaccine is a potential outcome of ongoing research.
- An effective antiviral drug for smallpox treatment could be developed.
- Adherence to the deadline is crucial given these potential advancements.
Conclusions:
- The 2002 deadline for variola virus destruction should be strictly adhered to.
- Global verification of destruction is challenging, but a strong international call to action is necessary.
- Establishing severe penalties for possessing variola virus post-deadline would deter illicit retention and enhance global safety.
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