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Related Concept Videos

Dialysis01:15

Dialysis

Dialysis is a diffusion-based purification process that separates analyte molecules from a complex matrix. This is accomplished by allowing molecules in the solution to pass through a semipermeable membrane into a liquid on the other side. The membrane is usually made of cellulose acetate or cellulose nitrate, and the second liquid must be miscible with the solution. Ions (e.g., chloride or sodium) or organic molecules (e.g., glucose) can pass through the membrane pores, which generally have...

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Preparation of Hydrophobic Metal-Organic Frameworks via Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition of Perfluoroalkanes for the Removal of Ammonia
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"Reagentless" flow injection determination of ammonia and urea using membrane separation and solid phase

J R Akse1, J O Thompson, R L Sauer

  • 1UMPQUA Research Company, Myrtle Creek, Oregon 97457, USA.

Microchemical Journal : Devoted to the Application of Microtechniques in All Branches of Science
|September 7, 2001
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel flow injection analysis method for determining ammonia and ammonium. The technique efficiently measures ammonia and ammonium in aqueous solutions with high sensitivity and a broad dynamic range.

Keywords:
NASA Center JSCNASA Discipline Environmental Health

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Accurate determination of ammonia and ammonium is crucial for environmental monitoring and water quality assessment.
  • Existing methods may face challenges with speciation and sensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a sensitive flow injection analysis (FIA) method for ammonia and ammonium determination.
  • To extend the FIA method for urea analysis using enzymatic hydrolysis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized in-line solid-phase basification beds to shift ammoniacal nitrogen to the un-ionized form.
  • Employed a hydrophobic microporous hollow fiber membrane for gas-phase diffusion of ammonia.
  • Detected ammonium ions in the analytical stream via specific conductance measurement.
  • Incorporated immobilized urease for enzymatic urea hydrolysis.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a lower limit of detection of 10 µg/L for ammonia/ammonium.
  • Demonstrated a dynamic concentration range spanning three orders of magnitude.
  • Successfully extended the methodology for urea determination.

Conclusions:

  • The developed FIA method offers a sensitive and robust approach for ammonia, ammonium, and urea analysis.
  • The use of membrane separation and specific conductance detection provides reliable quantification in aqueous samples.