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Study of radiation induced cancers in a breast screening programme
1Dpto. Ingeniería Química y Nuclear, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia Aptdo. 22012 Valencia 46071, Spain.
Radiation Protection Dosimetry
|September 11, 2001
Summary
This study evaluates the cancer risk from mammography screening in the Comunidad Valenciana Breast Screening Programme. It found that while screening reduces breast cancer mortality, the radiation-induced cancer risk is a key consideration for program optimization.
Area of Science:
- Radiology
- Public Health
- Radiation Oncology
Background:
- Screening mammography significantly reduces breast cancer mortality.
- Radiological procedures, including mammography, carry inherent risks, primarily the potential for induced cancer due to radiation exposure.
- Evaluating these risks is crucial for optimizing population-based screening programs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the population risk associated with the Comunidad Valenciana Breast Screening Programme.
- To quantify the radiation-induced cancer probability for women participating in the program.
- To compare the risks of screening programs initiating at different ages (45 vs. 50 years).
Main Methods:
- Utilized two established risk models: UNSCEAR 94 and NRPB 93.
- Analyzed screening detriment factors, including radiation doses, population structure, and X-ray equipment parameters.
- Calculated individual cancer risk based on age of entry, program duration, mammography unit doses, and breast compression thickness.
Main Results:
- Detriments from screening were investigated in relation to radiation doses and population/equipment factors.
- Individual cancer risk was calculated for women aged 45-65, varying with mammography doses and breast thickness.
- Risk comparisons were made between screening programs starting at age 45 versus age 50.
Conclusions:
- The study provides a quantitative risk assessment for a specific mammography screening program.
- Findings can inform decisions regarding program parameters to balance benefits and radiation risks.
- Age of initiation and technical factors influence the overall risk-benefit profile of mammography screening programs.
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