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Poliovirus persistence in human cells in vitro.
F Colbère-Garapin1, S Jacques, A S Drillet
1Unité de Neurovirologie et Regeneration du Systeme Nerveux, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Developments in Biologicals
|January 5, 2002
Summary
Poliovirus can persist in the body for years, potentially causing post-polio syndrome. Researchers developed cell models to study poliovirus persistence and virus-cell co-evolution.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Poliovirus (PV) can establish long-term infections in the gut, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.
- Post-polio syndrome (PPS), characterized by new muscle atrophy, may result from persistent poliovirus infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the mechanisms of poliovirus persistence in vitro.
- To explore the roles of viral and cellular factors in establishing persistent poliovirus infections.
- To model virus-cell co-evolution during persistent infections.
Main Methods:
- Development of in vitro models using human neuronal and epidermoid (HEp-2) cells.
- Analysis of viral and cellular determinants governing PV persistence.
- Investigation of PV-receptor interactions.
Main Results:
- Cellular determinants are critical for PV persistence in neuronal cells.
- Viral determinants are primary for PV persistence in epidermoid cells.
- Evidence of virus-cell co-evolution and altered PV-receptor interactions was observed.
Conclusions:
- Poliovirus exhibits the capacity for in vitro persistence.
- Distinct host cell factors influence PV persistence.
- Multiple mechanisms contribute to the establishment and maintenance of persistent PV infections, suggesting potential therapeutic targets.