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Black hole production by cosmic rays.

Jonathan L Feng1, Alfred D Shapere

  • 1Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|January 22, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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Ultrahigh energy cosmic rays may create microscopic black holes, detectable via atmospheric showers. If not observed, this implies a higher fundamental Planck scale, constraining theories with extra dimensions.

Area of Science:

  • High-energy astrophysics
  • Particle physics
  • Cosmology

Background:

  • Theories with extra spatial dimensions predict the possibility of forming microscopic black holes.
  • Ultrahigh energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) interacting in the Earth's atmosphere could potentially produce these black holes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential for detecting microscopic black holes (MBHs) produced by UHECRs.
  • To use potential MBH event observations as evidence for extra dimensions and TeV-scale gravity.
  • To establish a lower limit on the fundamental Planck scale if no MBHs are detected.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of potential signatures of MBH formation from cosmic ray and neutrino interactions in the atmosphere.
  • Simulation of quasi-horizontal air showers initiated by MBH events.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilizing data from observatories like the Pierre Auger Observatory to search for these anomalous events.

    • Main Results:

    • MBH formation from cosmic neutrinos could initiate quasi-horizontal showers at a rate significantly above the Standard Model predictions.
    • Hundreds of such events could potentially be observed at the Auger Observatory.
    • The absence of observed MBH events would imply the fundamental Planck scale is above 2 TeV.

    Conclusions:

    • The detection of MBHs would provide direct evidence for extra dimensions and TeV-scale gravity.
    • The study of MBHs offers a novel window into physics beyond the Standard Model.
    • A null result would place significant constraints on theories with large extra dimensions.