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Related Experiment Videos

Neonatal thyroid screening--the Shifa experience.

Y Najam1, M Khan, F Ilahi

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad.

JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|June 21, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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Newborn screening for congenital hypothyroidism revealed T4 analysis offers higher predictive value than TSH. Combining both tests improves accuracy but increases costs.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neonatal Screening
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a critical condition requiring early detection.
  • Neonatal screening programs are vital for identifying CH and preventing developmental delays.
  • Thyroid hormone analysis (T4 and TSH) are standard for newborn screening.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of T4 and TSH screening in detecting CH in newborns.
  • To analyze the presentation patterns of thyroid dysfunction in neonates.
  • To compare the diagnostic utility of T4 and TSH in a specific hospital population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of T4 and TSH screening data from 997 neonates.
  • Blood samples collected within 4 days of birth between October 1995 and October 1998.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of screening results using Shifa Reference values.

    • Main Results:

    • High TSH (16.8%) and low T4 (7.9%) were observed in a significant number of neonates.
    • T4 demonstrated higher specificity (93.1%) compared to TSH (86%) for CH screening.
    • Five neonates presented with both high TSH and low T4, including confirmed cases of congenital and transient hypothyroidism.

    Conclusions:

    • Congenital hypothyroidism may be more prevalent in the studied population.
    • T4 analysis shows a higher positive predictive value for newborn screening than TSH alone.
    • Combined T4 and TSH assays enhance screening accuracy and reduce recall rates, despite higher costs.