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Prognostic factors in whiplash-associated disorders
Maria Kyhlbäck1, Tomas Thierfelder, Anne Söderlund
1Department of Physiotherapy, Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden. maria.kyhlback@nc.uas.lul.se
Summary
Self-efficacy, or a patient's confidence, is a key predictor of long-term pain and disability following whiplash-associated disorders (WADs). Reinforcing this confidence early can optimize WAD treatment outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Rehabilitation Medicine
- Pain Management
Background:
- Whiplash-associated disorders (WADs) represent a growing clinical challenge with significant impact on patient function.
- Understanding predictors of long-term outcomes is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify predictors of perceived disability and self-reported pain in WAD patients.
- To examine the temporal progression of symptoms and functional limitations.
Main Methods:
- Prospective cohort study of 83 patients with acute whiplash injury.
- Patients were monitored at three weeks, three months, and one year post-injury.
- Statistical analysis to identify predictors of pain intensity and disability.
Main Results:
- Self-efficacy, sex, and WAD grade predicted 24% of pain intensity variation at one year.
- Self-efficacy, sex, and age predicted 36% of disability variation at one year.
- Symptom resolution rates were 5% at three weeks and 16% at one year.
Conclusions:
- Early self-efficacy in WAD patients significantly predicts the long-term trajectory of pain and disability.
- Interventions aimed at enhancing patient confidence may improve treatment effectiveness for whiplash injuries.