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Antifungal drug resistance
Juergen Loeffler1, David A Stevens
1Eberhard-Karls-Universität, Medizinische Klinik, Tuebingen, Germany.
Summary
Antifungal drug resistance is rising due to increased invasive fungal infections in immunocompromised patients. This review examines resistance mechanisms, particularly for azoles, highlighting the need for new treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are increasing, driven by a growing population of severely immunocompromised patients.
- Emerging resistance to antifungal drugs complicates treatment and prophylaxis, particularly in long-term cases.
- Shifts in microbial flora towards more resistant species are a growing concern.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the frequency and interpretation of antifungal drug resistance.
- To elucidate the mechanisms underlying resistance to current antifungal agents.
- To focus on the prominent rise in resistance to azole antifungal drugs.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of antifungal resistance.
- Analysis of resistance mechanisms.
- Focus on azole antifungal agents.
Main Results:
- Antifungal drug resistance is a significant and growing clinical challenge.
- Mechanisms of resistance vary among fungal species and drug classes.
- Azole resistance has notably increased, impacting treatment efficacy.
Conclusions:
- Understanding antifungal resistance mechanisms is crucial for effective treatment.
- The rise in azole resistance necessitates the development of novel antifungal therapies.
- Continued monitoring and research are vital to combat drug-resistant fungal infections.