Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis due to adenovirus type 19

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Virology
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) is a contagious viral eye infection.
• Adenovirus infections are a common cause of EKC.
• Previous outbreaks have been linked to contaminated ophthalmic equipment.

Observation:

• A distinct outbreak of EKC occurred in Oregon in 1974.
• Adenovirus type 19 was identified as the causative agent.
• The typical transmission via tonometry was not the primary mode in this instance.

Findings:

• This epidemic demonstrated a significant transmission through direct finger-to-eye contact.
• Adenovirus type 19 exhibited a high degree of contagiousness via this route.
• The specific strain of adenovirus may influence transmission dynamics.

Implications:

• Highlights the importance of hand hygiene in preventing viral eye infections.
• Suggests that non-contact transmission routes can be significant in EKC outbreaks.
• Informs public health strategies for controlling adenovirus spread in ocular settings.