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Updated: Sep 26, 2026

Spheroid Assay to Measure TGF-β-induced Invasion
Published on: November 16, 2011
[Possible role of transforming growth factor alpha on the cholesteatoma growth regulation]
Yu Xu1, Zhanyuan Wu, Zezhang Tao
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060.
Objective:
To investigate the mode of expression and distribution of transforming growth factor alpha in middle ear cholesteatoma.
Method:
The specimens from the cholesteatoma tissue of 32 cases and the normal external ear skin of 10 cases were examined by immunohistochemical S-P method and computer image analysis.
Result:
In cholesteatoma epithelium staining for TGF alpha was consistently stronger than that in normal epithelium. The mean absorbance of the two epithelial tissue is 2.431 +/- 0.587 and 1.463 +/- 0.147 respectively, revealing a significant difference. Some immune cells infiltrating the stroma of cholesteatoma also stained positively for TGF alpha.
Conclusion:
These data suggested that an autocrine and paracrine stimulation of the squamous epithelium of cholesteatoma by TGF might contribute to its hyperproliferation.
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