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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Mutations01:35

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Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
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Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model
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A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model

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Radiation therapy for malignant melanoma.

Matthew T Ballo1, K Kian Ang

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA. mballo@mdanderson.org

The Surgical Clinics of North America
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Radiotherapy can improve local control for melanoma patients, especially when surgery is challenging or has high-risk features. Further research is needed to determine its effect on distant metastasis and survival rates.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Surgery is the primary treatment for localized melanoma.
  • Improved local-regional control is needed for difficult resections or high-risk melanoma.
  • Radiotherapy shows promise in specific melanoma treatment scenarios.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the role of elective/adjuvant radiotherapy in improving local-regional control for melanoma.
  • To assess radiotherapy as a primary treatment for elderly patients with lentigo maligna melanoma.
  • To explore optimal radiation fractionation schedules for melanoma treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of retrospective and phase II prospective studies on radiotherapy for melanoma.
  • Analysis of hypofractionated radiotherapy regimens.
  • Comparison of radiotherapy outcomes with historical surgical results.

Main Results:

  • Elective/adjuvant radiotherapy significantly improves local-regional control rates in specific melanoma cases.
  • Hypofractionated radiotherapy is well-tolerated and offers improved local-regional control compared to surgery.
  • The impact of radiotherapy on distant metastasis and overall survival requires further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Radiotherapy is a valuable option for enhancing local-regional control in melanoma, particularly when surgical outcomes are suboptimal.
  • Hypofractionated radiotherapy presents a well-tolerated and effective option for select melanoma patients.
  • Future randomized clinical trials are essential to define the definitive role of radiotherapy, alone or with systemic therapy, in melanoma management.