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Rotating superfluid turbulence.

Makoto Tsubota1, Tsunehiko Araki, Carlo F Barenghi

  • 1Department of Physics, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-Ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

Physical Review Letters
|June 6, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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This study numerically investigates vortex states in helium II under rotation and thermal counterflow, revealing a new polarized vortex tangle state. These findings explain previously unexplained experimental observations of vortex instability.

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Quantum Fluids

Background:

  • Vortex states in helium II are typically studied as either ordered arrays or disordered tangles.
  • The interplay between rotational order and thermal counterflow disorder in helium II vortices is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To numerically investigate the behavior of vortex states in helium II subjected to simultaneous rotation and thermal counterflow.
  • To identify and characterize new vortex states arising from competing ordering and disordering effects.
  • To provide a theoretical explanation for experimentally observed vortex instabilities and subsequent states.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulations of vortex dynamics in helium II.
  • Analysis of vortex tangle structure and polarization under combined rotational and thermal influences.

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Main Results:

  • Discovery of a new statistically steady state characterized by a vortex tangle polarized along the rotational axis.
  • The numerical results successfully interpret a previously observed experimental instability in helium II vortices.
  • The study elucidates the vortex state that exists beyond this instability, which was previously unexplained.

Conclusions:

  • The combined effects of rotation and thermal counterflow in helium II lead to a novel, polarized vortex tangle state.
  • This new state provides a physical explanation for experimental observations of vortex instability.
  • The findings advance the understanding of complex vortex dynamics in quantum fluids.