Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 29, 2026
05:37
Stenosis of the Inferior Vena Cava: A Murine Model of Deep Vein Thrombosis
Published on: December 22, 2017
Sinovenous thrombosis in children
Manohar Shroff1, Gabrielle deVeber
1Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
Neuroimaging Clinics of North America
|June 14, 2003
Summary
Childhood cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT) is a serious condition often missed. Early diagnosis and anticoagulation treatment are crucial for improving outcomes and reducing long-term neurological deficits in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Neurology
- Vascular Neurology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Childhood cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT) is increasingly recognized but frequently misdiagnosed.
- Neonates face a substantially higher risk of CSVT and associated severe sequelae compared to older children.
- CSVT in children results in significant long-term adverse outcomes, including death or neurological deficits in nearly 50% of cases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding and management of childhood CSVT.
- To highlight the importance of early diagnosis and effective treatment strategies.
- To discuss the role of advancing neuroimaging in improving detection and understanding of CSVT.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of childhood CSVT.
- Analysis of current treatment approaches, including the growing evidence for anticoagulation.
- Evaluation of the impact of evolving neuroimaging techniques on CSVT diagnosis and research.
Main Results:
- Childhood CSVT presents diagnostic challenges, with neonates being a particularly high-risk group.
- Anticoagulation is increasingly supported as a treatment due to unacceptable adverse outcomes with empiric management.
- Advancements in noninvasive, economical neuroimaging are expected to improve detection rates and patient stratification.
Conclusions:
- Childhood CSVT requires heightened clinical awareness for timely diagnosis.
- Evidence supports anticoagulation therapy for CSVT in children, mirroring adult treatment protocols.
- Future multi-national trials, aided by improved neuroimaging, are essential for evidence-based treatments and reduced morbidity/mortality.
Related Concept Videos
01:11Overview of Systemic Veins
Systemic veins are crucial blood vessels that return deoxygenated blood from various body tissues back to the heart. There are three systemic veins that return deoxygenated blood to the heart, they are as follows.
The coronary sinus, the heart's principal vein, resides in the coronary sulcus on the heart's posterior aspect. This broad venous channel receives nearly all venous blood from the myocardium, the heart muscle. It is fed by three primary veins: the great cardiac vein, the middle...
The coronary sinus, the heart's principal vein, resides in the coronary sulcus on the heart's posterior aspect. This broad venous channel receives nearly all venous blood from the myocardium, the heart muscle. It is fed by three primary veins: the great cardiac vein, the middle...
01:17Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution
Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight, compared...
01:30Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction
Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
01:20Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
The key difference between Superficial Vein Thrombosis (SVT) and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) lies in their location and severity.Clinical ManifestationsSVT typically presents with localized pain, tenderness, and redness along the course of a superficial vein, often accompanied by a palpable, cord-like structure under the skin. This condition is usually less dangerous than DVT but can be uncomfortable and may lead to complications such as cellulitis or, rarely, a clot extension into the deep...
01:29Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care
Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
01:30Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management
Nursing management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's health history. Key factors include trauma to veins, peripherally inserted central catheters, varicose veins, recent pregnancy or childbirth, surgery, bacteremia, prolonged bed rest, atrial fibrillation, COPD, heart failure, cancer, coagulation disorders, myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, stroke, prolonged travel, recent bone fractures, and dehydration. Review medication intake, particularly oral contraceptives,...