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Developing a school functioning index for middle schools.

Amanda S Birnbaum1, Leslie A Lytle, Cheryl L Perry

  • 1Dept. of Public Health, Weill Cornell Medical College, 411 East 69th St., Room KB-209, New York, NY 10021, USA. asb2006@med.cornell.edu

The Journal of School Health
|August 6, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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This study developed the School Functioning Index (SFI) to measure how school environments impact student health behaviors. The SFI shows promise in predicting student behavior and can guide interventions for healthier schools.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Educational Psychology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Schools play a crucial role in youth development, yet their overall functioning's impact on student health behaviors is under-researched.
  • School functioning is a potential predictor of student health behaviors and a target for interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and test the School Functioning Index (SFI) for middle schools.
  • To operationalize school functioning using theoretical frameworks like social cognitive theory.

Main Methods:

  • Developed the SFI based on three domains: resources, population stability, and socializing performance.
  • Collected data from public archives and 16 middle schools.
  • Used social cognitive, social ecological, and social disorganization theories to guide item development.

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Main Results:

  • The final SFI has nine items with good internal consistency and variability.
  • The SFI showed modest correlations with student violence and other health behaviors.
  • Data collection, especially on student behavior, presented challenges.

Conclusions:

  • It is feasible to combine school-level indicators into a measure of overall school functioning.
  • Further research is needed to validate the SFI and improve data collection methods.
  • The SFI can be a valuable tool for understanding and improving student health outcomes.