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Mn interstitial diffusion in (ga,mn)as.

K W Edmonds1, P Bogusławski, K Y Wang

  • 1School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.

Physical Review Letters
|February 3, 2004
PubMed
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Low-temperature annealing of the ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Mn)As causes significant changes by out-diffusing manganese interstitials. This process, influenced by electric fields, allows for ferromagnetic transition temperatures up to 159 K.

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Semiconductor Physics

Background:

  • Ferromagnetic semiconductors like (Ga,Mn)As exhibit unique magnetic properties.
  • Low-temperature annealing significantly alters their characteristics, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms behind the large changes in (Ga,Mn)As upon low-temperature annealing.
  • To correlate annealing conditions with achievable ferromagnetic transition temperatures.
  • To elucidate the role of manganese interstitial diffusion and electric fields.

Main Methods:

  • Combined theoretical and experimental approach.
  • Ab initio calculations for theoretical insights.
  • In situ Auger spectroscopy and resistivity measurements during annealing for experimental data.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Observed significant changes in (Ga,Mn)As properties due to low-temperature annealing.
  • Achieved ferromagnetic transition temperatures up to 159 K.
  • Identified out-diffusion of manganese interstitials towards the surface as the primary mechanism, governed by a 0.7-0.8 eV energy barrier.
  • Demonstrated the significant influence of electric fields induced by manganese acceptors on diffusion.

Conclusions:

  • Low-temperature annealing effectively controls the properties of (Ga,Mn)As by managing manganese interstitial diffusion.
  • The findings provide a pathway to optimize ferromagnetic semiconductor performance for applications.
  • Understanding the diffusion dynamics is crucial for tailoring material properties.