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High-concentrated carbamide peroxide bleaching agents effects on enamel surface
V Cavalli1, C A G Arrais, M Giannini
1Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, Piracicaba, Brazil.
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
|March 11, 2004
Summary
High-concentration carbamide peroxide (CP) tooth bleaching agents can increase enamel surface roughness. While 35% CP caused the roughest surfaces, different CP concentrations showed similar staining and morphological changes.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Dental Materials
Background:
- Peroxide-based tooth bleaching agents are widely used.
- Concerns exist regarding their potential adverse effects on dental enamel surface properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effects of in-office bleaching agents with high concentrations of carbamide peroxide (CP) on enamel surface roughness, staining, and morphology.
- To compare the outcomes of 35% and 37% CP treatments against a control group.
Main Methods:
- Enamel specimens were treated with 35% CP, 37% CP, or no bleaching agent (control).
- Surface roughness was measured using a profilometer.
- Enamel staining was assessed spectrophotometrically after immersion in methylene blue solution.
- Surface morphology was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Main Results:
- Baseline enamel surface roughness was similar across all groups.
- Treatment with 35% carbamide peroxide resulted in significantly rougher enamel surfaces compared to the control and 37% CP groups.
- No significant differences in enamel staining means were observed among the different concentrations of carbamide peroxide.
- SEM analysis revealed similar morphological alterations on enamel surfaces regardless of the carbamide peroxide concentration used.
Conclusions:
- High concentrations of carbamide peroxide, particularly 35%, can increase dental enamel surface roughness.
- While surface roughness is affected, the degree of staining and morphological changes appear similar across different high concentrations of carbamide peroxide used in office bleaching.