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Mechanical circulatory assist devices.

G J Magovern1, S B Park, G J Magovern

  • 1Department of Surgical Research, Allegheny-Singer Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15212, USA.

Texas Heart Institute Journal
|September 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary
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Ventricular assist devices aid heart recovery by reducing workload and improving blood flow. Studies show metabolic, functional, and structural improvements in stunned myocardium during biventricular support.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Cardiogenic shock affects millions annually post-myocardial infarction or open-heart surgery.
  • Ventricular assist devices (VADs) reduce cardiac workload and enhance coronary perfusion.
  • Mechanisms of myocardial recovery following mechanical circulatory support remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the metabolic, functional, and ultrastructural changes in stunned myocardium during biventricular support.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms contributing to myocardial recovery after mechanical circulatory assistance.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a canine model with stunned myocardium.
  • Assessment of metabolic, functional, and ultrastructural parameters before, during, and after biventricular support.

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Main Results:

  • A close correlation was observed between metabolic, functional, and structural recovery.
  • In post-cardiac surgery patients, 57% could be weaned from circulatory support using a centrifugal pump (BioMedicus).
  • VADs stabilize patients with cardiogenic shock and serve as a bridge to cardiac transplantation.

Conclusions:

  • Mechanical circulatory support promotes recovery of stunned myocardium.
  • VADs are effective in managing cardiogenic shock and supporting patients awaiting transplantation.