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Project D.A.R.E. outcome effectiveness revisited.

Steven L West1, Keri K O'Neal

  • 1Department of Rehabilitation Counseling, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1112 East Clay St, Box 980330, Richmond, VA 23298-0330, USA. slwest2@vcu.edu

American Journal of Public Health
|July 14, 2004
PubMed
Summary

This meta-analysis found Project D.A.R.E. (Drug Abuse Resistance Education) to be ineffective in preventing youth substance use. The study

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics
  • Substance Abuse Prevention

Background:

  • Project D.A.R.E. (Drug Abuse Resistance Education) is a widely implemented school-based program.
  • Previous research has yielded mixed results regarding its effectiveness.
  • An updated meta-analysis is needed to synthesize current evidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct an updated meta-analysis evaluating the effectiveness of Project D.A.R.E.
  • To determine the impact of D.A.R.E. on alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use in school-aged youth.

Main Methods:

  • Meta-analytic techniques were employed.
  • Outcome evaluations of D.A.R.E. from scientific journals were synthesized.
  • An overall weighted effect size was calculated.

Main Results:

  • The overall weighted effect size for D.A.R.E. was extremely small (correlation coefficient = 0.011; Cohen d = 0.023).
  • The effect size was nonsignificant (95% confidence interval = -0.04, 0.08; z = 0.73).
  • This indicates a negligible impact on preventing youth substance use.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support previous research suggesting D.A.R.E. is ineffective.
  • The program demonstrates a lack of significant impact on preventing alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use.
  • Evidence indicates D.A.R.E. does not achieve its intended prevention goals.

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