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Natural and induced regulatory T cells
Emma J O'neill1, Anette Sundstedt, Graziella Mazza
1Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Bristol Medical School, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|February 1, 2005
Summary
Intranasal peptide delivery induces immune tolerance by generating IL-10 secreting regulatory cells. These cells suppress immune responses and show promise for treating allergies and autoimmune diseases.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Immunotherapy
Background:
- Mucosal antigen delivery can induce immune tolerance, suppressing subsequent immune responses.
- Intranasal antigen delivery is a potentially reliable method for inducing tolerance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the mechanisms of intranasal peptide-induced immune tolerance.
- To characterize the regulatory cells involved in this tolerance induction.
Main Methods:
- Mice were treated with intranasal peptides.
- Analysis of cytokine secretion (IL-2, IL-10) and cell populations (CD25, CTLA-4) in treated mice.
- In vitro and in vivo suppression assays were performed.
Main Results:
- Intranasal peptide administration induced anergic cells that secreted IL-10, which was crucial for in vivo suppression.
- A novel subset of CD25(-), CTLA-4(+) regulatory cells was identified, originating from CD25(-) precursors.
- These regulatory cells suppressed naive T cell function both in vitro and in vivo.
Conclusions:
- Intranasal peptide delivery induces a unique IL-10-dependent regulatory T cell population.
- This approach offers potential for antigen-specific immunotherapy in human allergic and autoimmune conditions.