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Michael McNeil Forbes1, Elena Gubankova, W Vincent Liu

  • 1Center for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

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This summary is machine-generated.

We developed two-fermion models showing stable, gapless superfluid states. Component mass ratio and interaction momentum structure are key for stability, unlike simple contact interactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Quantum mechanics

Background:

  • Superfluidity is a quantum mechanical phenomenon.
  • Understanding the conditions for stable superfluid states is crucial for fundamental physics and potential applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the stability of gapless superfluid states in two-fermion systems.
  • To identify the critical parameters governing the stability of these exotic states.

Main Methods:

  • Development of simple, concrete two-fermion models.
  • Analysis of thermodynamic stability under varying component mass ratios and interaction momentum structures.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated thermodynamically stable, isotropic, translationally invariant gapless superfluid states (breached-pair superfluidity).
  • Identified the mass ratio of the two components and the momentum structure of their interaction as critical factors for stability.
  • Showed that idealized, momentum-independent (contact) interactions are insufficient to guarantee stability.

Conclusions:

  • The stability of breached-pair superfluidity is highly sensitive to the microscopic details of the inter-fermion interaction.
  • Future theoretical and experimental studies should consider momentum-dependent interactions for realizing and understanding these gapless superfluid states.