[Orthorexia nervosa. A new eating behavior disorder?]

Area of Science:

• Psychiatry
• Clinical Psychology
• Nutritional Science

Background:

• Emerging eating disorders like orthorexia nervosa are increasingly recognized in developed nations.
• Orthorexia nervosa, derived from Greek for 'proper appetite,' is not yet classified as an independent disorder.
• It signifies a pathological fixation on consuming only 'pure' foods, often excluding items perceived as contaminated.

Observation:

• Patients exhibit extreme dietary restrictions driven by concerns over pesticides, herbicides, and artificial food additives.
• Obsessive focus on food preparation methods and materials is a key characteristic.
• This fixation frequently results in social isolation and emotional dissatisfaction.

Findings:

• The initial motivation for the restrictive diet is often health improvement, disease treatment, or weight loss.
• Over time, the diet becomes the central focus of the individual's life.
• A clinical case illustrating orthorexia nervosa is presented, with differential diagnoses explored.

Implications:

• Understanding orthorexia nervosa is crucial for timely diagnosis and intervention.
• Further research is needed to establish diagnostic criteria and treatment protocols.
• Recognizing this disorder can improve patient outcomes and mental health support.