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Teams in organizations: from input-process-output models to IMOI models.
Daniel R Ilgen1, John R Hollenbeck, Michael Johnson
1Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. Ilgen@msu.edu
Annual Review of Psychology
|February 16, 2005
Summary
This review synthesizes research on organizational work groups and teams, organizing studies by time and explanatory mechanisms (affective, behavioral, cognitive). It highlights advancements in understanding teams as complex systems over time, tasks, and contexts.
Area of Science:
- Organizational Psychology
- Team Dynamics
- Group Behavior
Background:
- Work groups and teams are integral to organizations, often functioning over extended periods.
- Existing research spans various settings, including laboratory and field studies.
- Understanding team inputs, processes, and outcomes is crucial for organizational effectiveness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and synthesize existing research and theory on work groups and teams.
- To organize research based on temporal dynamics and mediating mechanisms (affective, behavioral, cognitive).
- To discuss advancements in conceptualizing teams as complex, multilevel systems.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of empirical and theoretical literature on work groups and teams.
- Categorization of research using a two-dimensional framework: time and explanatory mechanisms.
- Analysis of recent theoretical and methodological contributions.
Main Results:
- Research findings were organized around temporal progression and the interplay of affective, behavioral, and cognitive mechanisms.
- Recent work advances the view of teams as dynamic, multilevel systems.
- The review compares the current state of empirical and theoretical work.
Conclusions:
- Significant theoretical and methodological advancements have enhanced the understanding of team dynamics.
- Future research should continue to explore teams as complex systems operating across time, tasks, and contexts.
- Integrating empirical and theoretical perspectives is vital for future progress in team science.