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Acute Acalculous Cholecystitis.

Charles C Owen1, Rajeev Jain

  • 1Department of Medicine, Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas, 8230 Walnut Hill Lane, Suite 610, Dallas, TX 75231, USA. rajeevjain@charter.net.

Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology
|March 17, 2005
PubMed
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Acute acalculous cholecystitis, gallbladder inflammation without stones, affects critically ill patients. Early diagnosis and treatment like cholecystectomy or endoscopic therapy are crucial for survival.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Critical Care

Background:

  • Acute acalculous cholecystitis involves gallbladder inflammation without gallstones.
  • It commonly affects critically ill patients with conditions like trauma, burns, or cardiovascular instability.
  • Symptoms can be subtle, including fever, elevated white blood cell count, or abnormal liver enzymes, often without typical right upper quadrant pain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the key aspects of acute acalculous cholecystitis.
  • To highlight diagnostic methods and treatment strategies for this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentation, diagnostic modalities, and treatment options for acute acalculous cholecystitis.
  • Diagnostic evaluation includes imaging such as ultrasonography, CT scans, and HIDA scans.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Treatment options range from surgical interventions to less invasive endoscopic procedures.

    • Main Results:

    • The condition presents insidiously in critically ill patients, often lacking specific symptoms.
    • Diagnostic imaging plays a vital role in identifying gallbladder inflammation.
    • Prompt treatment is essential due to high mortality rates associated with untreated disease.

    Conclusions:

    • Acute acalculous cholecystitis requires a high index of suspicion in critically ill patients.
    • Early diagnosis through appropriate imaging is critical.
    • Treatment, including cholecystectomy, cholecystostomy, or endoscopic nasobiliary drainage, significantly impacts patient outcomes.