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Risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection in patients on long-term hemodialysis

Nasir Khokhar1, Ali Yawar Alam, Farah Naz

  • 1Department of Medicine/Community Medicine, Shifa International Hospital and Shifa College of Medicine, Islamabad, Pakistan. drnkhokhar@yahoo.com

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP
|June 1, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection affects 23.7% of hemodialysis patients. A history of dialysis exceeding two years significantly increases the risk of acquiring HCV infection in this vulnerable population.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) poses a significant health risk, particularly to patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis.
  • Identifying risk factors for HCV acquisition in hemodialysis patients is crucial for implementing effective prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of HCV infection among hemodialysis patients at Shifa International Hospital.
  • To investigate the association between various risk factors and HCV infection in this patient cohort.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted.
  • Medical records of 97 hemodialysis patients from January 2002 to June 2003 were reviewed.
  • Data on anti-HCV status and potential risk factors were collected and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • The overall prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies was 23.7%.
  • Patients with a history of dialysis exceeding two years showed a significantly higher prevalence of HCV infection (43.5% vs. 9.5%).
  • Increasing duration of dialysis was significantly associated with an increased risk of HCV acquisition (adjusted p-value 0.002).

Conclusions:

  • HCV infection is prevalent among hemodialysis patients at Shifa International Hospital, with a positivity rate of 23.7%.
  • A history of dialysis for over two years emerged as a significant risk factor for HCV acquisition in this population.
  • These findings underscore the need for enhanced infection control measures in hemodialysis units.
Abstract

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