Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 16, 2026

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
Published on: January 17, 2018
[Comparison among the three different approaches in the management of adenoid hypertrophy]
Jianhua Qiu1, Fuquan Chen, Li Qiao
1Department of Otolaryngology, Xijing Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China. qiujh@fmmu.edu.cn
Objective:
To compare the advantage and disadvantage among Transnasal Endoscopic Adenoidectomy (TEA), Endoscopic-assisted Transnasal Adenoidectomy (ETA) and traditional Transoral Curette Adenoidectomy (TCA).
Method:
Clinical data of 130 cases who received adenoidectomy were studied and the effective rate of hearing, snoring, nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea and residual of adenoid were compared among the three groups after operation. There were 82 male and 48 female with average age of 7.58 years (range 3-29 years). Of 130 cases, there were 79 cases in TCA group, 24 cases in TEA group and 27 in ETA group.
Result:
The effective rate of nasal obstruction in ETA group was significantly higher than that in TCA group ( P < 0.05) with average following-up 21.4 months (range 6-44 months). Residual adenoid was found in 20 cases in TCA group and none in the other two groups.
Conclusion:
Endoscopic-assisted transnasal adenoidectomy using power system is the best approach of choice in the management of adenoid hypertrophy. Transnasal endoscopic adenoidectomy has benefit when another endoscopic sinonasal procedure is planned.
Related Concept Videos
Tonsillitis II: Management
Chronic Pharyngitis
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...
Suctioning the Nasopharyngeal Airway
Equipment Required
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation V: Advanced Airway Management Techniques
Acute Pharyngitis
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:
Adrenergic Agonists: Mixed-Action Agents
Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine lack a catecholamine group, making them less susceptible to degradation by metabolic enzymes. They have increased oral bioavailability and lipophilicity, resulting in a longer duration of action. Their response is reduced by...