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Upper extremity stress fractures
1The Ohio State University Sports Medicine Center, Columbus, OH 43221, USA. gjones1@columbus.rr.com
Clinics in Sports Medicine
|December 6, 2005
Summary
Upper-extremity stress fractures, often caused by overuse, are increasingly diagnosed in athletes. Prevention through proper training and rest are key, with most cases healing through rehabilitation, though some may need surgery.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Sports Medicine
- Athletic Training
Background:
- Upper-extremity stress fractures are increasingly recognized.
- They are commonly associated with overuse and muscle fatigue in athletes.
- These injuries affect the torso and extend to the fingers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review upper extremity and torso stress fractures in athletes.
- To discuss the presentation, diagnosis, mechanism of injury, treatment, prevention, and prognosis.
Main Methods:
- Review of literature on upper extremity and torso stress fractures.
- Discussion of diagnostic methods including history, physical examination, radiographs, bone scans, and MRI.
Main Results:
- Majority of fractures result from overuse and fatigue.
- Most fractures heal with rest and rehabilitation.
- A small percentage may require surgical intervention.
Conclusions:
- Upper-extremity stress fractures are preventable with appropriate training.
- Early diagnosis and structured rehabilitation are crucial for recovery.
- Understanding injury mechanisms aids in prevention and management.