Chronic inflammatory rheumatismal diseases--paraclinical diagnosis

The rheumatismal diseases constitute a major problem of public health, the pathology of the locomotor system representing today the main cause of invalidity in the world. The inflammatory chronic rheumatisms affect the young population, and, between the onset of the disease and diagnosis (approximately one year), the patient does not accuse major clinical complaints. In this context, the present work proposes a presentation of the main paraclinic methods and techniques, which may direct the clinician in giving a correct and early diagnosis of the main chronic inflammatory rheumatismal disorders. The paraclinic methods and techniques for assessing the intensity and evolution of the chronic rheumatismal inflammatory processes may be classified as follows: genetic, biological, histological, and imagistic. The inflammatory reaction is a nonspecific long-term reaction of the body defense systems, as response to the continuous and recurrent aggression. It is characterized by the predominance of the lymphocytes and macrophages at the level of the focus infectious and an intense process of neoangiogenesis and fibroblastic proliferation accompanies it. The paraclinic methods and techniques for assessing the intensity and evolution of the chronic rheumatismal inflammatory processes may be classified as follows: genetic, biological, histological, and imagistic.