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Granular convection driven by shearing inertial forces.

G M Rodríguez-Liñán1, Y Nahmad-Molinari

  • 1Instituto de Física, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Alvaro Obregón 64, 78000 San Luis Potosí, Mexico.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|February 21, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Convection velocity in vibrated granular materials increases with amplitude. This study reveals an inertial shearing force drives convective flux during plate separation.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics of granular materials
  • Fluid dynamics
  • Non-Newtonian fluid behavior

Background:

  • Granular materials exhibit complex behaviors when subjected to external forces.
  • Understanding convection in vibrated granular systems is crucial for various applications.
  • Previous studies have explored vibrated granular dynamics, but the precise mechanisms of convective flux formation require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure convection velocity in vertically vibrated granular materials.
  • To investigate the relationship between convection velocity and amplitude parameters.
  • To identify the underlying physical forces responsible for convective flux generation.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental measurements of convection velocity near the walls of vibrated granular beds.

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  • Numerical simulations to determine the average bed-bottom relative velocity.
  • Analysis of the dynamic parameter: excess amplitude (maximum amplitude - critical amplitude).

    • Main Results:

    • Convection velocity near the walls exhibits a quadratic dependence on the excess amplitude.
    • Average bed-bottom relative velocity during plate distancing grows linearly with the squared excess amplitude.
    • Evidence suggests an inertial shearing force is primarily active during the bed-plate distancing phase.

    Conclusions:

    • The study identifies an inertial shearing force as the key mechanism driving convective flux in vibrated granular materials.
    • This force is proportional to the bed-container relative velocity and acts during plate separation.
    • The findings provide a dynamic parameter (excess amplitude) for describing related granular convection phenomena.