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A new model for nanoscale enamel dissolution.

Lijun Wang1, Ruikang Tang, Tammy Bonstein

  • 1Department of Chemistry, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
|July 27, 2006
PubMed
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Human tooth enamel demineralization under simulated caries conditions shows that dissolution slows down as crystals shrink. Nanosized enamel crystallites exhibit self-preservation, resisting further dissolution in acidic environments.

Area of Science:

  • Biomineralization and Materials Science
  • Dental Research
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Understanding tooth enamel demineralization is crucial for caries prevention.
  • Biomineral dissolution kinetics can deviate from classical models, especially for nanomaterials.
  • Previous models did not fully capture the self-preservation of nanomineral phases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dissolution kinetics of human tooth enamel under simulated caries conditions.
  • To examine the morphological changes of enamel during demineralization.
  • To validate a new crystal dissolution model for biominerals.

Main Methods:

  • Nanomolar-sensitive constant composition (CC) method.
  • In situ atomic force microscopy (AFM).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for surface analysis.
  • Simulated caries conditions (pH 4.5, undersaturation = 0.902).

    • Main Results:

    • Demineralization initiated at rod interfaces and proceeded anisotropically along c-axes.
    • Dissolution rate decreased over time, forming hollow enamel cores.
    • Nanosized remaining crystallites showed resistance to further dissolution.
    • The observed kinetics align with a proposed crystal dissolution model.

    Conclusions:

    • Human tooth enamel demineralization follows a model where dissolution slows as crystallites reach nanometer size.
    • Nanosized enamel crystallites exhibit self-preservation, resisting dissolution in fluctuating physiological conditions.
    • This study provides a new model for mimicking carious lesion formation in vitro.