Microbiologic spectrum and visual outcome of posttraumatic endophthalmitis

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Microbiology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Posttraumatic endophthalmitis is a severe complication of open globe injuries.
• Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial for visual preservation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the spectrum of microorganisms causing infectious endophthalmitis after open globe injuries.
• To evaluate the visual outcomes associated with different microbial profiles and clinical factors.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective review of culture-positive endophthalmitis cases following open globe injuries.
• Data collected from King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital and King Abdulaziz University Hospital (1993-2003).
• Analysis of causative organisms, patient demographics, and final visual acuity.

Main Results:

• Coagulase-negative staphylococci and Streptococcus species were the most frequent isolates.
• Intraocular foreign bodies (IOFBs) were present in 43% of cases.
• Better presenting visual acuity, rapid presentation (<1 day), and nonvirulent organisms correlated with improved visual outcomes.

Conclusions:

• Coagulase-negative staphylococci and Streptococcus species are primary causes of posttraumatic endophthalmitis.
• Early presentation and identification of nonvirulent pathogens improve visual prognosis.
• Posttraumatic endophthalmitis generally carries a poor visual prognosis.