[Management of arteriovenous fistula: anastomosis and more....]

The huge amount of human and economic resources necessary for a vascular access creation in haemodialysis strongly requires a very careful patient assessment and the choice of the most appropriate procedures, both aiming at improving quality of care and optimizing available resources. This review focuses on arteriovenous fistula (AVF) monitoring and surveillance, not only by following current guidelines, but also by exploring the most interesting data of the literature; attention is particularly focused on the haemodynamic aspects of AVF, which play a relevant role not only in himself. the natural history of vascular access, but also of the patient.