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Decoherence dynamics in low-dimensional cold atom interferometers.

A A Burkov1, M D Lukin, Eugene Demler

  • 1Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|August 7, 2007
PubMed
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We studied decoherence in cold atom condensates, finding distinct quantum and classical regimes. Classical decoherence dynamics show universal power-law decay in 2D and nonanalytic time dependence in 1D.

Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • Decoherence dynamics in quantum systems are crucial for understanding quantum-to-classical transitions.
  • Low-dimensional cold atom condensates offer a tunable platform for studying these dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the decoherence dynamics of a matter-wave interferometer composed of cold atom condensates.
  • Identify and characterize distinct quantum and classical decoherence regimes.
  • Derive analytical results for decoherence in both 1D and 2D systems.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of a matter-wave interferometer with two cold atom condensates.
  • Examination of coherence factor time dependence.
  • Derivation of analytical results for quantum and classical regimes.

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Main Results:

  • Identified two distinct decoherence regimes: quantum and classical.
  • In the 2D classical regime, observed universal power-law decay dependent on temperature and Kosterlitz-Thouless temperature.
  • In the 1D classical regime, found universal nonanalytic time dependence due to 1D liquid damping.

Conclusions:

  • Decoherence dynamics in cold atom interferometers exhibit distinct quantum and classical behaviors.
  • Universal classical decoherence scaling observed in 2D condensates.
  • Nonhydrodynamic damping in 1D condensates leads to unique classical decoherence.